NCFE Civics Practice Exam

The principle of Judicial Review was established in the landmark case Marbury v. Madison. This 1803 Supreme Court decision was pivotal in affirming the ability of the judiciary to review and invalidate laws or government actions that are deemed unconstitutional. In this case, Chief Justice John Marshall articulated that it is the duty of the judiciary to say what the law is and to ensure that the other branches of government adhere to the Constitution. This ruling not only strengthened the power of the Supreme Court but also established a key precedent in American law, enabling the courts to act as a check on the legislative and executive branches. Judicial review plays a critical role in maintaining the balance of power within the government and upholding the rights of individuals against possible overreach by state powers.